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| Le Roux, Frédérique; Gay, Melanie; Lambert, Christian; Waechter, Magali; Poubalanne, Saravanne; Chollet, Bruno; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Berthe, Franck. |
| French mollusc production is based mainly on the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Since 1991, annual mass mortality of juveniles has been reported during summer months. These recurring episodes concern professionals who fear that like Portugese oyster, C. angulata, C gigas could in turn disappear following one of these epizooties. Previously, bacteriological analysis of moribund oyster juveniles yielded an isolate of a Vibrio splendidus biovar H strain, named TNEMF6. This isolate was demonstrated to be pathogenic to Crassostrea gigas spat by experimental challenge. To study the association between summer oyster mortality and presence of TNEMF6 cluster strains, Vibrionaceae fauna were isolated from infected spat along the French Atlantic coast... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Vibrio splendidus; Virulence; Epidemiology; PCR RFLP; Oyster mortality. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-565.pdf |
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| Samain, Jean-francois; Degremont, Lionel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Haure, Joel; Bedier, Edouard; Ropert, Michel; Moal, Jeanne; Huvet, Arnaud; Bacca, Helene; Van Wormhoudt, A; Delaporte, Maryse; Costil, K; Pouvreau, Stephane; Lambert, Christian; Boulo, Viviane; Soudant, Philippe; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Leroux, Frederique; Renault, Tristan; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Geret, Florence; Boutet, Isabelle; Burgeot, Thierry; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Summer mortality of Pacific oysters is known in several countries. However no specific pathogen has been systematically associated with this phenomenon. A complex combination of environmental and biological parameters has been suggested as the cause and is now starting to be identified. A high genetic basis was found for survival in oysters when a first generation (G1) was tested in three sites during summer. This paper presents a synthesis on physiological characteristics of two selected groups ('R' and 'S', from families selected for resistance and susceptibility to summer mortality respectively), of the second and third generations. R and S showed improvement or reduction of survival compared with the control in both field and laboratory trials... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: ROS; Temperature; Stress; Hemocytes; Reproduction; Genetic selection; Resistant oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific Oyster; Summer mortality. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2809.pdf |
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| Pham, Dominique; Patrois, Jacques; Goyard, Emmanuel; Maillez, Jean-rene; Broutoi, Francis; Dufour, Robert; Peignon, Jean-marie; Brun, Pierre; Lambert, Christian; Pita, Etienne. |
| The Pacific blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris was introduced in New Caledonia thirty years ago. Because of its high inbreeding, a SPF strain domesticated in Hawaii, genetically differentiated from the Caledonian strain, had to be imported. The two strains’ reproductive performances were compared at different periods and cross breedings were assessed. The average results show that Caledonian animals give twice as many nauplii than the Hawaiian animals. The best cross breeding is obtained with Caledonian male x Hawaiian female. A possible explanation is the later age or weight of maturity for the Hawaiian strain compared to the Caledonian strain, difference which could come from the geographical origins and/or the zootechnical and climatic domestication... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00198/30881/29249.pdf |
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| Soletchnik, Patrick; Lambert, Christian; Costil, Katherine. |
| The purpose of this study is to investigate summer mortality of the cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in relation to culture practices in the traditional oyster production region of Marennes-Oleron (France). Four oyster rearing conditions, varying culture location ("on-" or "off-bottom"), and site depth (65% to 80% daily immersion termed "deep" or 45% to 65%, termed "shallow") were studied to compare biologic performance and maturation status of oysters, in relation to sediment and water column parameters. The most severe mortality occurred in June to July in "on-bottom" reared oysters (25%), as compared with 10% mortality in "off-bottom" cultured oysters. Oysters (shell and meat) grew significantly better when reared "off-bottom" than "on-bottom."... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Summer mortality; Hydrology; Sediment; Marine ecosystem; Marennes Oleron Bay; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-3171.pdf |
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| Hegaret, Hélène; Wikfors, Gary H.; Soudant, Philippe; Lambert, Christian; Shumway, Sandra E.; Berard, Jean-baptiste; Lassus, Patrick. |
| The possible effect of Alexandrium spp. containing paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins on the hemocytes of oysters was tested experimentally. In one trial, eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica Gmelin, were exposed to bloom concentrations of the sympatric dinoflagellate, Alexandrium fundyense Balech, alone and in a mixture with a non-toxic diatom, Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grun) Fryxell et Hasle. Subsequently, another experiment exposed Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, to a mixed suspension of the sympatric, toxic species Alexandrium catenella (Whedon et Kofoid) Balech, with T. weissflogii. Measurements of numbers of oyster hemocytes, percentages of different cell types, and functions (phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS)... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3328.pdf |
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| Lambert, Christian; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Bultel, Valérie. |
| Using a chemiluminescence (CL) test, it had been previously demonstrated that Vibrio pectenicida, which is pathogenic to Pecten maximus larvae, was able to inhibit completely the CL activity of P, maximus hemocytes and partially inhibit those of Crassostrea gigas, Conversely, a Vibrio sp, strain, S322, pathogenic to C,gigas larvae was more active in reducing the CL activity of oyster hemocytes than of scallop hemocytes, Using this same CL biotest, V, pectenicida and S322 cytoplasmic extracts were shown to reproduce CL inhibition while the cytoplasmic extract of a nonpathogenic strain (U1, Pseudoalteromonas) was without effect. Moreover, cytoplasmic extract as well as live V, pectenicida cells provoked, within a few hours, death of P. maximus hemocytes... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Hemocyte; Toxin; Chemiluminescence; Crassostrea gigas; Pecten maximus; Vibrio pectenicida. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-466.pdf |
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